GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM Share
GPS (Global Positioning System) à»ç¹Ãкºà´ÕÂÇ㹻Ѩ¨ØºÑ¹ ·ÕèÊÒÁÒö áÊ´§µÓá˹觷ÕèÍÂÙè ·Õèá¹è¹Í¹ÇèÒÍÂÙè ³. µÓá˹è§ã´ º¹¾×é¹âÅ¡ä´é·Ø¡àÇÅÒ ·Ø¡ÊÀÒ¾ÍÒ¡ÒÈ Ãкº¹ÕéÁÕ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ 24 ´Ç§ ËÁعÍÂÙèÃͺâÅ¡ ÍÂÙèÊÙ§¢Öé¹ä» 11,000 nautical miles ËÃ×Í»ÃÐÁÒ³ 20,200 kms. ¨Ò¡¾×é¹âÅ¡ ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁËÁعÃͺâÅ¡ áºè§à»ç¹ 6 ÃйҺ ÃйҺÅÐ 4 ´Ç§ â´Â·ÓÁØÁàÍÕ§ 55 ͧÈÒ ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ·Ñé§ËÁ´¨Ðä´éÃѺ¡ÒäǺ¤ØÁ´ÙáÅ ¨Ò¡Ê¶Ò¹ÕÀÒ¤¾×é¹´Ô¹·ÑèÇâÅ¡µÅÍ´àÇÅÒ
GPS ELEMENTS àÃÒ ÊÒÁÒöáºè§Ãкº GPS ÍÍ¡à»ç¹Êèǹæ´Ñ§¹Õé.
SPACE SEGMENT
USER SEGMENT
CONTROL SEGMENT
SPACE SEGMENT Êèǹ¢Í§ÍÇ¡ÒÈ »ÃСͺ仴éÇÂà¤Ã×Í¢èÒ¢ͧ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ Ãкº GPS ·Ñé§Ãкº »ÃСͺ´éÇ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ 24 ´Ç§ ⤨ÃÃͺâÅ¡ ·ÕèÃÐÂÐ 11,000 äÁÅìÍÒ¡ÒȨҡ¾×é¹âÅ¡ãªéàÇÅÒ 12 ª.Á 㹡ÒÃ⤨ÃÃͺâš˹Öè§Ãͺ ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ⤨ÃÃͺâÅ¡ áºè§à»ç¹ 6 ÃйҺ áÅÐ ·ÓÁØÁàÍÕ§ 55 ͧÈÒ ¡ÒÃÇҧǧ⤨Ãàªè¹¹Õé·ÓãËéàÃÒÊÒÁÒöÃѺÊÑÒ³¨Ò¡´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ ä´é¤ÃÒÇÅж֧ 6 ´Ç§ ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁµÔ´µÑ駹ÒÌÔ¡Ò·Õèà·Õ觵çÁÒ¡æ ¶Ö§ 3 nanoseconds ( ¤ÇÒÁà·Õ觵ç 0.000000003 ¢Í§ÇÔ¹Ò·Õ ËÃ×Í 3e-9) |
¤ÇÒÁà·Õ觵çÁÕ¤ÇÒÁÊÓ¤ÑÁÒ¡ ÊÓËÃѺà¤Ã×èͧÃѺ à¾ÃÒÐà¤Ã×èͧÃѺ¨Óà»ç¹µéͧ·ÃÒºàÇÅÒ ·Õèà·Õ觵ç á¹è¹Í¹ ÇèÒÃÐÂÐàÇÅÒà·èÒäà ·ÕèÊÑÒ³¤Å×蹨ҡ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁà´Ô¹·Ò§ ¶Ö§à¤Ã×èͧÃѺ
´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁáµèÅдǧ ÁÕàª×éÍà¾ÅÔ§ áÅÐà¤Ã×èͧ¹µì¢¹Ò´àÅç¡ «Öè§ÊÒÁÒö·Õè¨Ð »ÃѺáµè§´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ ãËéÍÂÙèã¹µÓá˹觷Õè¶Ù¡µéͧ ã¹Ç§â¤¨Ã ¶éÒ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁà¡Ô´à¤Å×è͹ÍÍ¡¨Ò¡ µÓáË¹è§ ·Õè¡Ó˹´
´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ áµèÅдǧÁÕ¹ÒÌÔ¡Ò atomic clocks 4 Íѹ ¹ÒÌÔ¡Ò¹ÕéÁÕ¤ÇÒÁà·Õ觵ç¶Ö§Ë¹Öè§ã¹Ë¹Ö觾ѹÅéÒ¹ ¢Í§ÇÔ¹Ò·Õ ËÃ×Í nanosecond .
´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ áµèÅдǧ ¨ÐÊ觤Å×è¹ÊÑÒ³ÍÍ¡ÁÒÊͧ¤Å×è¹ÊÑÒ³ ˹Ö觤Å×è¹ÊÓËÃѺ¡Ò÷ËÒà áÅÐÍÕ¡¤Å×è¹Ë¹Öè§ÊÓËÃѺ¾ÅàÃ×͹
¤Ø³ÅѡɳРºÒ§ÍÂèÒ§¢Í§´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ
¹éÓ˹ѡ 930 kg.(in orbit)
¢¹Ò´Size 5.1 m.
¤ÇÒÁàÃçÇ ã¹ ¡ÒÃ⤨à 4 km/sec
ÊÑÒ³·ÕèÊè§ 1575.42 MHz and 1227.60 MHz
à¤Ã×èͧÃѺ ÊÑÒ³ 1783.74 MHz
¹ÒÌÔ¡Ò 2 Cesium and 2 Rubidium
ÍÒÂØ ¡Òà ãªé§Ò¹ 7.5 year (later model BlockIIR 10 years) |
| USER SEGMENT àÁ×è͹ѡºÔ¹ºÔ¹ , à¤Ã×èͧÃѺ GPS ¨Ð¤Ó¹Ç¹µÓá˹觻Ѩ¨ØºÑ¹ÍÂÙèµÅÍ´àÇÅÒ áÅÐáÊ´§ µÓáË¹è§ áÅзÔÈ·Ò§·Õè¶Ù¡µéͧ Ãкº GPS ¨Ð¿Ñ§ÊÑÒ³¨Ò¡´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ áÅÐÇÑ´ÃÐÂÐàÇÅÒ¨Ò¡à¤Ã×èͧÊè§ÊÑÒ³ ¨Ò¡´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ ¡Ñºà¤Ã×èͧÃѺÊÑÒ³ (ÃÙéàÇÅÒ¡çÊÒÁÒöÃÙéÃÐÂзҧ ) áÅÐ â´ÂÇÔ¸Õ¡ÒâͧÊÒÁàËÅÕèÂÁ ËÃ×͵ÃÕ⡳ ÃÐËÇèÒ§´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁËÅÒ´ǧ·Õèä´éÃѺÃкº à¤Ã×èͧÃѺ¢Í§´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ¨Ð¤Ó¹Ç¹µÓá˹觢ͧà¤Ã×èͧÃѺ à¤Ã×èͧÃѺàͧ¡çµéͧä´éÃѺ ÊÑÒ³¨Ò¡´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁÍÂèÒ§¹éÍÂÊÕè´Ç§ ( ¡ç¤×ÍÃÙéÃÐÂзҧ¨Ò¡à¤Ã×èͧÃѺ ¶Ö§´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁÊÕè´Ç§) ¶Ö§¨Ð¤Ó¹Ç¹µÓá˹è§ÅѡɳТͧ 3 ÁÔµÔä´é (à¤Ã×èͧÃѺÊÒÁÒö¤Ó¹Ç¹ä´é ¶Ö§áÁé¨Ðä´éÃѺÊÑÒ³¨Ò¡´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁà¾Õ§ÊÒÁ´Ç§ áµè¤Ó¹Ç¹ä´éà¾Õ§ÊͧÁÔµÔ ¹Í¡¨Ò¡¨ÐÃÙé¤ÇÒÁÊÙ§) äÁèà¾Õ§áµèÃÙéµÓá˹觢ͧàÊé¹ÃØé§ áÅÐàÊé¹áǧà·èÒ¹Ñé¹ ÂѧÃÙéÃÐÂФÇÒÁÊÙ§´éÇ ÁѹÁÕËÅÒÂÃٻẺ·ÕèáÊ´§º¹Ë¹éÒ¨Í «Öè§áÅéÇáµèºÃÔÉÑ·¼Ùé¼ÅÔµ äÁèµéͧ»ÃѺËÃ×ͨٹËÒ¤Å×è¹ à¾ÃÒÐÇèÒ¤ÇÒÁ¶Õè¢Í§´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ¹Ñé¹à¤Ã×èͧÃѺä´é·ÃÒºáÅéÇ |
CONTROL SEGMENT Êèǹ¤Çº¤ØÁ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ»ÃСͺ´éÇÂ:
Master Control Station : ʶҹդǺ¤ØÁáÁè¢èÒÂÁÕÍÂÙè 1 Ê¶Ò¹Õ ·Ó˹éÒ·ÕèÃѺ¼Ô´ªÍºã¹¡ÒèѴ¡Ò÷ÑèÇä» áÅкÃÔ¡ÒÃʶҹÕÅÙ¡¢èÒ à»ç¹ÈÙ¹Âì¡ÅÒ§·ÕèãËé¡ÒÃʹѹʹع¡Ò÷ӧҹ à¤Ã×èͧáÁè¢èÒ¨ФӹǹµÓáË¹è§ áÅйÒÌÔ¡Ò´Ù¤ÇÒÁ¤ÅÒ´à¤Å×è͹¢Í§´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁáµèÅдǧ ¨Ò¡Ê¶Ò¹ÕÅÙ¡¢èÒÂÀÒ¤¾×é¹ áÅÐÊÑ觤ÓÊÑè§á¡éä¢ ¡ÅѺä»ÂѧʶҹÕÅÙ¡¢èÒ à¾×èÍÊè§ä»Âѧ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ´Ç§¹Ñé¹æ
Monitor Stations : ʶҹդǺ¤ØÁÅÙ¡¢èÒ ÁÕÍÂÙè 4 Ê¶Ò¹Õ ¨Ð·Ó¡ÒõÃǨÊͺ¤ÇÒÁÊÙ§ , µÓáË¹è§ , ¤ÇÒÁàÃçÇ, áÅÐǧ¨Ã·ÑèÇ仢ͧ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ ʶҹդǺ¤ØÁ¹Õé µÃǨÊͺ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁä´é¤ÃÑé§ÅÐ 11 ´Ç§ ¡ÒõÃǨÊͺ¹Õé áµèÅÐʶҹաÃзÓÇѹÅÐ 2 ¤ÃÑé§ àÁ×èÍ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ⤨ÃÃͺâÅ¡ |
| OPERATIONËÅÑ¡¾×é¹°Ò¹¢Í§Ãкº GPS ¤×Í ÇÑ´ÃÐÂзҧÃÐËÇèÒ§ à¤Ã×èͧÃѺã¹ÍÒ¡ÒÈÂÒ¹ ¡Ñº´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁµèÒ§æ ã¹Ãкº ´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁàͧ ¡çºÍ¡áÅéÇÇèÒÍÂÙè·Õèã´µÓá˹è§ã´ ã¹Ç§â¤¨ÃÃͺâÅ¡ à¤Ã×èͧÃѺÃÙéÃÐÂзҧá¹èæ ¨Ò¡´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ áÅÐÃÙéÃÐÂзҧ ÃÐËÇèÒ§´ÒÇà·ÕÂÁ à¤Ã×èͧÃѺ GPS ÁÕÃкº computer ·Õè ÊÒÁÒöãªé Ç×¸Õ ·Ò§ ¤³ÔµÈÒʵÃì ÊÒÁÒö·Õè¨Ð¤Ó¹Ç¹ ËÒµÓá˹觢ͧà¤Ã×èͧÃѺ·Õèá¹è¹Í¹ |
| ·ÕèÁÒ www.thaitechnics.com |
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